Clutch and power transmission



June 13, 1939. AVERY ET AL 2,162,238

cwrcn AND rowan TRANSMISSION Filed Oct. 4, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS Harald 7T Avery y Hayward M. Dustin.

June 13, 1939- H. T. AVERY ET AL 2,152,233

CLUTCH AND POWER TRANSMISSION Filed Oct. 4, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet '2 :El I3 E 4%,) 33 33 ATTORSEY.

INVENTORS.

, shown as embodied in the commercially known Avery patent application Serial Number 84,927,

Patented June 13, 1839 v I 'Harold Avery, Oakland; 1nd nova-e M; Dustin, Berkeley, Calif., aaaignora to Marohant Calculating Machine Company, a corporation of California Application October 4, 1osa,, 'senu No. 233,254

momma.

The present invention relates to a clutch and power transmission particularly adapted for use in calculating machines. The improvements are Marchant calculating machine disclosed in the filed'June twelfth, 1936. v

The combined clutch and reversible transmission disclosed in the aforesaid patent application, in connection with the carriage shifting mechanism, depends upon a spring urged centralizer to complete the carriage shift cycle, and does not provide positive centralization. Furthermore, it is necessary to make the centralizing spring of such strength as to carry the driven mechanism ahead of the driving means in order to allow the clutch to disengage before the end of the cycle. This causes an uneven and jerky carriage movement which is undesirable in a modern high speed calculating machine.

Having in mind the foregoing deficiencies of the clutching and power transmission devices heretofore employed, it is an object of the present invention to provide means whereby the driven member of such a mechanism may be operated selectivelyinei'ther direction and positivelycentralized in a definite full cycle position.

A ,further object of the invention is to provide a control device for such mechanism which may be operated merely by displacement in one direction or another from normal position to cause selective operation of the driven member in one direction or. the other.

A further antLmore specific object of the invention is to pro ide an improved clutch and power transmis on which is adapted for cooperation with the existing manual and automatic control devices of calculating machines of the class referred to. I

Other objects will appear during the following detailed description of a preferred form of the invention, reference being made to the accompanying" drawings forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a right side view, partly in section, of theco'ntrol keys and the control connections thereof with the power transmission mechanism; I Figure 2 is a front view, partly schematic and partly in section, showing the construction of the clutch and reversing mechanism from the drive train to the carriage of a calculating machine;

Figure 3 is a detailed section of the clutch taken on the line 2-3 of Figure 2;

' Figure 4 is a detailed section of the means for transmitted from the motor through suitable gears and shafts to gear 362 (Figure 2). This gear and a second gear 648 are keyed to a sleeve 20 and positioned by a spacer 2!, the sleeve 20 being upset on each end to form an integral unit which is freely rotatable on a fixed support shaft I308. Gear 648 is connected to the driving side of the clutch l through compound idlers 23 and' 24, which are supported by a stud 25 secured to a stationary brace plate 26, and a drive gear 21 keyed to a sleeve l8, rotatably mounted on the shaft if". A ratchet i4 (Figures 2 and 3) is also keyed to sleeve i8, and is separated from gear 21 by a spacer If, the sleeve It being upset to form a second integral unit which is freely rotatable on a reduced portion of shaft I306.

Adjacent ratchet I4 is the driven side of the clutch, comprising a third integral unit consisting of a clutch disc i2 (Figure 3) secured to a sleeve 28 (Figure 2) also rotatable on the reduced portion of shaft I308. The clutch disc i2 has secured thereto a stud If (Figure 3) on which is rockably mounted a clutch dog Ii, adapted to engage in a notch of the ratchet H. A torsion spring I8 is mounted on a second stud II in disc i2, and is retained at one end by a third such stud ll, the other end pressing against the side of the dog ii, to urge said dog in a clockwise direction; stud II also serving to limit the dog in its clockwise rocking movement.

The dog ii is normally held out of engagement with ratchet ll by a clutch control dog 50, pivotally supported on shaft l35i, and provided with an ear adapted to enter a notch I2a of clutch disc l2, to engage the tip 29 of clutch dog ii and rock the latter counter-clockwise out of engagement with ratchet it when said clutch control dog 50 is in clutch disengaging position. The notch I20. is preferably formed with sufliciently steep walls to prevent retrograde movement of disc l2 when the control dog 50 is seated, thus preventing rasping of the clutch and also centralizing the driven side thereof in a definite full cycle position.

The reversing mechanism comprises sleeve 2O (Figure 5) which is provided with an annular flange 30, on either side of which are mounted gears II and 32, freely rotatable on the said sleeve 23. The annular flange 30 and each gear 3I and 32 are slotted to receive a slidable key 33, a lug 33a of which is embraced by a shiftable annular collar 34, so that if said collar is moved to the right or left in a manner to be described hereinafter, the key 33 will disconnect one gear 3| or 32 from the sleeve 28 and connect the other gear thereto. If the collar 34 is moved to the left, the key 33 effects a drive directly from gear 3i through gear 35 to gear 40, but if said collar is shifted to the right a drive is effected from gear 32 through the reverse idler 33 to gears 35 and 40, thereby driving the gear 40 in the reverse direction. e

The direction of rotation of shaft I33I upon which gear 40 is fixed determines the direction of the carriage shift in a calculating machine of the type referred to. On said shaft is mounted a bevel gear I34I which meshes with a second bevel gear I342 secured to the lower end of a vertical shaft 334, Journaled at each end in bearings provided in suitable brackets. Secured at the upper end of said shaft is a disc 335 on which are mounted rollers 332, so that when shaft I33I is rotated in either direction the rollers 332 successively engage between the teeth of a rack 330 to move the carriage of a calculating machine in one direction or the other as described in the Avery patent application above identified.

The controls for the clutch and reversing mechanism are operable by the keys,|405 and I403 (Figure 1), and means are provided whereby the depression of one or the other of said keys will effect the engagement of the clutch and shift the collar 34 (Figure 5) to one extreme position or the other, thereby determining he direction of operation of the driven mechanism.

As explained in detail in the aforesaid Avery patent application, upon depression of the key I405 the shaft I435 is rocked clockwise, and upon depression of the key I406 said shaft is rocked counter-clockwise. The rocking of this shaft is utilized to control the above described mechanism,

Mounted upon shaft I485 is a lever I48I pivotally connected to a link I483, provided with a notch I414, which embraces a lateral extension H of lever I315 pivoted at I316. A link I314 is attached at its left end to the upper end of lever I 315 and at its right end to a clutch control member 60, pivoted at I30I, so that control member 30 is rocked clockwise when key I405 is depressed and counter-clockwise when key I406 is depressed. The lateral extensions I2" and I334 serve to automatically rock control member 60 during certain automatic operations in a manner similar to that described in said Avery application.

The control member 60 (Figure 1) is provided with a V-shaped aperture 6| which embraces a stud 52 on clutch control dog 50, so that when the member 60 is rocked in either direction the control dog 50 is rocked counter-clockwise about shaft I35I to clutch engaging position, whereupon lateral extension 5| (Figures 1 and 3) releases clutch dog II so it may be rocked clockwise into engagement with ratchet I4 by spring I6 to effect a drive through the clutch I0 to the driven train.

Member 60 is also provided with two fingers 32 and 63 (Figures 1 and 2), the finger 62 being disposed on the left sideof collar 34, and finger 'while lateral extension 33 on the right side thereof (as viewed in Figure 2), so that when the member 30 is rocked counter-clockwise as by key I403, the collar 34 is shifted to the right to effect leftward carriage movement through gears 32, 33, 35, and 40. If the member 30 is rocked clockwise, as by key I405, the finger 33 shifts the collar to the left to effect a rightward carriage movement through gears 3I, 35. and 40.

From the foregoing it will be readily seen that ii (Figure 1) is being rocked counter-clockwise, the collar 34 is concurrently conditioned for directional control of the drive effected by the unidirectional clutch I0. When the clutch is ultimately engaged, the lateral extension 5| rides on the periphery of the disc I2 and retains control memoer 30 in its selected position until the cycle is completed. As the disc I2 approaches a full cycle position (the depressed key I405 or I403 having been released) the lateralextension 5| engages the tip 23 and rocks the clutch dog II counter-clockwise to disengage the clutch, at the same time the control dog 50 is rocked clockwise by spring 50a to carry said lateral extension into the notch in disc I2 to lock the same in full cycle position.

Preferably the fingers 62 and 63 are so spaced from the collar 34 as to cause the return of the control lever 30 to the intermediate position shown in Figure 1 to move the collar 34 approximately to central position. The distance which the collar will be so moved is obviously dependent upon the angular relation of fingers 62 and 63 however, and if they are arranged at a more obtuse angle the collar will remain at the previous setting until the transmission is reversed when the opposite finger will shift the collar 34 and key 33 to the other extreme position before the clutch is reengaged.

In order to insure that the.notch of the gear not engaged by key 33 will be aligned therewith at the conclusion of each cycle so that the key may be shifted freely, it is desirable to provide means for centralizing the driven elements of the reversing clutch in a definite full cycle position. For this purpose the shaft I33I extends through the bracket I343 and has secured thereto a cam 55 (Figures 2 and 4). A cam follower 56 is freely pivoted on shaft 43I and is provided with a roller 51 which lies in the plane of the cam 55, so that when shaft I 33I and said cam reach a centralized position, in one of which positions it is shown in Figure 4, the spring 53 urges the roller 51 into one of the recesses 59 of the cam 55 and retains the entire train in a centralized position.

We claim:

1. In a cyclic transmission, comprising a cyclic clutch with driving and driven elements, in combination with independent reversing mechanism; control means operable to concurrently engage said clutch and adjust the reversing mechanism,

and a member controlled by said clutch for'conengaging said clutch and adjusting said reversing mechanism.

3. In a cyclic transmission, comprising a unidirectional cyclic clutch, in combination with independent reversing mechanism; control mechanism displaceable to concurrently effect engagement of said clutch and to adjust. the reversing mechanism, and means for retaining said control mechanism and said reversing mechanism in adjusted position, including a member controlled by said clutch for preventing release of said retaining means except after conclusion of one or more complete cycles of operation of said clutch.

4. In a transmission comprising a clutch with driving and driven elements in combination with reversing mechanism including a pair of gears and an element rotatable by the driven element of said clutch and selectively shiftable to con- -nect one or the other of said gears to said driven element; control means operable to concurrently engage said clutch and shift said element selectively, and a member controlled by said clutch for preventing disengagement of said clutch and retaining said element in shifted position for the duration of a complete cycle of operation of said clutch. g

5. In a transmission comprising a clutch with driving and driven elements in combination with reversing mechanism including a pair of gears and anelement rotatable by the driven element 'ofsaid clutch and selectively shiftable to connect one or the other of said gears to said driven element; a control member. selectively displaceable from. a normal. ineffective position to either of two positions, and means controlled thereby upon movement thereof to either of said two positions for concurrently engaging said clutch and shifting said element to connect one or the other of said gears to the driven element of the clutch, and a device controlled by said clutch for preventing disengagement of said clutch and retaining said element in shifted position for the duration of a complete cycle of operation of said clutch.

6. In a transmission comprising a clutch with driving and driven elements in combination with reversing mechanism including a pair of gears and an element rotatable by the driven element of said clutch and selectively shiftable to connect one or the other of said gears to said driven element: a control member selectively displaceable from a normal ineffective position to either of two positions, and means controlled thereby upon movement thereof to either of said two positions for concurrently engaging said clutch and shifting said element to connect one or the other of said gears to the driven element of the clutch, and means for retaining said control member, and said element in shifted position, including a device controlled by said clutch for preventing release of said retaining means .except after conclusion of oneor more complete cycles of operat on of said clutch.

I. In a cyclic transmission comprising a clutch with driving and driven elements. in combination with independent reversing mechanism: a control member selectively displaceable} from a normal ineifective position to either of two operative positions. means controlled thereby W movement thereof to either of said two operative positions for concurrently engaging said clutch and adjusting said reversing mechanism, a clutch control dog normally spring urged to clutch disengaging position but controlled by said clutch upon rotation thereof, and means controlled by.

.and a device rotatable by the driven element of said clutch and selectively shiftable to connect one or the other of said gears to said driven element of the clutch; a clutch control dog mounted for pivotal movement to clutch engaging or disengaging positions, a control member selectively displaceable from a normally ineffective position to either of two operative positions to concurrently rock said dog to clutch engaging Position and shift said device to connect one or the other of said gears to the driven element of the clutch.

9. In a cyclic transmission comprising a clutch with driving and driven elements, in combination with independent reversing mechanism; a control member selectively displaceable from a normally ineffective position to either of two operating positions, means controlled thereby upon movement thereof to either of said two operative positions for concurrently engaging said clutch and adjusting said reversing mechanism, and a clutch control dog normally spring urged to clutch disengaging position but controlled by said clutch upon rotation thereof to become ineffective to disengage said clutch and to retain said reversing mechanism in adjusted position for the duration of a complete cycle of operation of said clutch.

10. In a cyclic transmission comprising a unidirectional clutch, in combination with independent reversing mechanism; control mechanism displaceable to concurrently effect engagement of said clutch and to adJust the reversing mechanism, means for retaining said control mechanism in displaced position, and a clutch control dog controlled by said clutch upon rotation thereof for preventing release of said retaining means except at the conclusion of one or more complete cycles of operation of said clutch.

11. .In a cyclic traon comprising a cyclic clutch with driving and driven elements, in combination with independent reversing mechanism, and a clutch control dog mounted for pivotal movement to clutch engaging or disengaging sitions; a control member selectively displaceable from a normally ineffective position to either of two operative positions, means controlled by movement thereof to either. of said two operative positions for concurrently rocking said dog to clutch engaging position and adjusting the reversing mechanism, and an element rotatable with said clutch and rendered effective by movement thereof out of full cycle position for locking said dog in clutch ensuing position. said control member in operative position and said reversing mechanism in adiusted position until the conclusion of one or more complete cycles of operation of said clutch. a

I mmom 'r. A Y.

HOWARD M. R 

